Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance · chapter 3 · id grit-c3-03-the-effort-equation-talent-x-e
“The effort equation (Talent x Effort = Skill, Skill x Effort = Achievement) means effort counts twice in the achievement equation, making it mathematically more important than talent.”
CONTESTEDconfidence: medium⚠ extracted by pipeline, re-audit pending
Receipts
CNBC - Duckworth's formula for successsource alive
When composed together, achievement = talent x effort squared. Effort counts twice because it builds skill and makes skill productive.
Grit book text - Chapter on Practicesource alive
Effort counts twice because it builds skill and also makes skill productive.
Crede et al. (2017), JPSP meta-analysissource alive
Grit is only moderately correlated with performance outcomes, suggesting that the relationship between effort and achievement is not as strong as Duckworth's equation implies.
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